Maurice Ravel - Pavane pour une infante défunte

Original sheet music cover of Maurice Ravel’s Pavane pour une infante défunte, piano edition with Art Nouveau design.

Original sheet music cover of Pavane pour une infante défunte by Maurice Ravel, reflecting the refined Art Nouveau aesthetics of fin-de-siècle Paris.

Maurice Ravel appears to have chosen the title Pavane pour une infante défunte primarily for its evocative and elegant sonority. The “infante”—a Spanish princess—is not a real historical figure, but rather an imagined presence, serving as a poetic symbol rather than a literal subject.

Ravel composed the Pavane in 1899, while he was still a student at the Paris Conservatoire. The immediate success of the piece came as a surprise to the composer himself, who considered the work morphologically problematic. Nevertheless, when it was publicly performed in 1902, critics praised its smooth form, refined balance, and understated charm.

The opening melody, entrusted to the solo violin in its upper register and supported by the gently pulsating sonority of the lower strings, establishes the warm and noble character of the pavane. A brief closing phrase follows, marked by softly articulated chords in the solo part.

A second melody soon emerges, repeated at a higher pitch and again supported by violin chords, creating the illusion of multiple voices within a single instrument. Rich harmonic textures lead back to the opening theme, now presented in a higher register, enhancing its sense of distant nostalgia.

As a third section unfolds, a pizzicato accompaniment introduces a more intimate and restrained atmosphere. A subdued, mournful passage follows, preparing the return of the original music. In its final appearance, the melody is delicately underlined by violin harmonics—ethereal, flute-like sounds produced by lightly touching the string—bringing the work to a serene and introspective close.

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