In recitative, speech retains its immediacy as voice and accompaniment turn dramatic thought into music. THE TERM IN BRIEF Recitative Recitativo WHAT IT IS A kind of vocal writing that carries the rhythm, emphasis, and natural movement of speech into music. ITALIAN Recitativo MAIN HISTORICAL TYPES Recitativo secco or semplice , and recitativo accompagnato , obbligato , or strumentato . WHERE IT APPEARS Chiefly in opera, oratorio, and cantata; later also as an expressive indication in instrumental music. MAIN FUNCTION Narration, dialogue, advancement of the action, dramatic preparation, and transition into an aria or another musical section. WHAT TO LISTEN FOR Mostly syllabic writing, irregular phrases, flexible rhythm, close attention to words, and accompaniment ranging from spare chords to full orchestral participation.